Solutions

The highly com­plex tech­nical equip­ment of data cen­ters and other IT areas, as well as the ma­ter­i­als used there, carry a par­tic­u­larly high risk of fire. Due to the high con­cen­tra­tion of en­ergy and the ma­ter­i­als used, e.g. plastics, data cen­ters present an in­creased fire risk.

In re­cent years the use of wind en­ergy has be­come es­tab­lished with high growth rates and good prospects for the fu­ture. Simple ro­tors have be­come more and more power­ful high-tech power stations.

Power sta­tion/Substations are char­ac­ter­ized by their com­plex over­all sys­tems made up of a range of dif­fer­ent op­er­at­ing units, including oil tank, cable ducts, transformers, offices, server rooms, electric & control rooms, steam turbines, coal con­veyor-belt sys­tems, dumps and coal bunkers, burner. In ad­di­tion to this, con­di­tions such as ex­tremely hot sur­faces and lub­ric­at­ing oils pose huge fire risks.

Chemical energy storage is one of the important means to solve the intermittent volatility of new energy wind power and photovoltaic, and realize the function of peak-trimming, and has gradually received attention as an emerging application scenario. Lithium-ion battery energy storage is the most feasible technical route at present, which has the advantages of high energy density, small self-discharge, no memory effect, wide operating temperature range, rapid charge and discharge, long service life, no environmental pollution, etc., but lithium metal is the most active metal among known elements (including radioactive elements), and its thermal runaway phenomenon occurs from time to time. It has buried a safety hazard for the application of lithium batteries in energy storage, especially because it is difficult to inhibit the reignition of lithium batteries after thermal runaway fire, its fire safety has become one of the biggest difficulties in the industry. The fire probability of global commercial energy storage power stations has reached 1.52%, as the last passive defense system, reasonable design, material selection, layout and construction directly affect the healthy development of the energy storage industry.

More than one third of all large-scale fire dam­age in com­mer­cial op­er­a­tions and in­dustry oc­curs in storage and lo­gist­ics areas. Lo­gist­ics busi­nesses char­ac­ter­ist­ic­ally store large amounts of goods and thus a high volume of as­sets - in a com­par­at­ively small area. The total sum of fire loads and the rapid spread­ing of fire com­bine to form ex­treme haz­ard po­ten­tials. As a res­ult, a fire can quickly threaten the sur­vival of an en­tire busi­ness. Es­pe­cially in the field of stor­age and lo­gist­ics there are nu­mer­ous cru­cial cri­teria for the se­lec­tion of the best type of fire pro­tec­tion. The first step is to dif­fer­en­ti­ate between the vari­ous stor­age types, from high rack stor­age to ver­tical rotary racks. The type of goods moved and stored also plays a sig­ni­fic­ant role, since these may dif­fer greatly in their com­pos­i­tion and char­acter­ist­ics.

The clas­si­fic­a­tion of a build­ing as a high-rise is defined in the con­struc­tion reg­u­la­tions at state level. In case of a fire, the height of a build­ing is cru­cial for evac­u­ation pur­poses, as the turntable lad­ders of the fire bri­gade gen­er­ally reach up to a max­imum height of 22 m. For this reason the le­gis­lator has stip­u­lated spe­cial fire pro­tec­tion pre­cau­tions for high-rise build­ings through guidelines and or­din­ances.

A commercial complex is a combination of multi-functions of urban living society such as shop­ping mall, office, bank, residence, hotel, catering, conference, and entertainment in the city, and establishes a mutually beneficial initiative among the various parts. It integrates multiple features and has the characteristics of high cost, a large flow of people, and a complex structure.

Museum and Stadium are equipped with exhibition/competition/training venues, spectator seats, changing rooms, toilets, equipment rooms, offices and other functional areas, which have the characteristics of large span, high space and dense personnel, and need to be equipped with different types of fire detectors, fire broadcast, emergency lighting and evacuation instruction facilities.

Ho­tels typ­ic­ally have a high dens­ity of people. As people spend their time in the hotel rooms both at night and dur­ing the day, per­sonal safety must be en­sured around the clock. Es­pe­cially in at­tract­ive inner city loc­a­tions, ho­tels are often built on many floors. This gives rise to spe­cial re­quire­ments re­gard­ing fire pro­tec­tion, since for ex­ample the turntable lad­ders of fire bri­gades are gen­er­ally no longer of suf­fi­cient height to res­cue hotel guests and staff dur­ing an emer­gency.

Mod­ern hos­pit­als are com­plex sys­tems: Lives are saved here; pa­tients are treated and cared for – a stable or­gan­ism with ex­tens­ive ve­get­at­ive func­tions. In the day-to-day life of a hos­pital, all staff­ing levels make sure that the hos­pital runs smoothly and that pa­tient wel­fare is at the top of the agenda, as pa­tients re­quire rest, pro­tec­tion and help. The every­day life of a clinic is not im­mune to fires, but a tar­geted pre­cau­tion­ary sys­tem does pro­tect its key or­gans.

The school campus includes classrooms, dormitories, laboratories, indoor sports halls, canteens, auditorium, library, equipment rooms, offices and other functional areas, which have the characteristics of many buildings, large area and dense personnel, and need to be equipped with different types of fire detectors, fire broadcast, emergency lighting, evacuation instruction facilities. Flames, smoke, gas emis­sions, heat – fire has many fa­cets.

Based on the principles of safety, reliability, economy and applicability, the fire alarm system for residential buildings is divided into different types according to different building management conditions. In the design of the automatic fire alarm system for residential buildings, the appropriate system composition should be selected in combination with the building management and fire protection facility settings, and the design should be carried out in accordance with the relevant requirements of the national regulation and specifications.

Due to the large building space, area and span of industrial plants, the function is more complex, and the site environment is very different, requiring fire alarm products to have high reliability, so its fire protection system design is very different from civil buildings, and it is necessary to carry out system design according to its own architectural characteristics, building layout and application scenarios. Flames, smoke, gas emis­sions, heat – fire has many fa­cets.